Orlando Florida Criminal Attorney & Orange County DUI Lawyer -
Florida Firearm Minimum Mandatory Sentences -10-20-Life
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Orlando Florida Criminal Defense Lawyer:
The 1999 Florida Legislature passed sweeping legislation that provides for
enhanced minimum mandatory prison terms for offenders who commit
crimes with guns.  The penalties often referred to as 10-20-Life apply to
defendant is convicted of certain crimes involving the use of a firearm:

1)  Mandates a minimum 10 year prison term for certain felonies, or attempted
felonies in which the offender possesses a firearm or destructive device

2)  Mandates a minimum 20 year prison term when the firearm is discharged

3) Mandates a minimum 25 years to LIFE if someone is injured or killed

4) Mandates a minimum 3 year prison term for possession of a firearm by a felon

5) Mandates that the minimum prison term is to be served consecutively to any other term of imprisonment imposed

Please review the following Florida Statute for more information on the penalties involved with certain criminal
off
enses involving firearms and weapons.

Florida Statute 775.087 - Possession or use of weapon; aggravated battery; felony reclassification;
minimum sentence.
(1) Unless otherwise provided by law, whenever a person is charged with a felony, except a felony in which the use
of a weapon or firearm is an essential element, and during the commission of such felony the defendant carries,
displays, uses, threatens to use, or attempts to use any weapon or firearm, or during the commission of such felony
the defendant commits an aggravated battery, the felony for which the person is charged shall be reclassified as
follows:

(a) In the case of a felony of the first degree, to a life felony.
(b) In the case of a felony of the second degree, to a felony of the first degree.
(c) In the case of a felony of the third degree, to a felony of the second degree.

For purposes of sentencing under chapter 921 and determining incentive gain-time eligibility under chapter 944, a
felony offense which is reclassified under this section is ranked one level above the ranking under s. 921.0022 or s.
921.0023 of the felony offense committed.

(2)(a)1. Any person who is convicted of a felony or an attempt to commit a felony, regardless of whether the use of a
weapon is an element of the felony, and the conviction was for:
a. Murder;
b. Sexual battery;
c. Robbery;
d. Burglary;
e. Arson;
f. Aggravated assault;
g. Aggravated battery;
h. Kidnapping;
i. Escape;
j. Aircraft piracy;
k. Aggravated child abuse;
l. Aggravated abuse of an elderly person or disabled adult;
m. Unlawful throwing, placing, or discharging of a destructive device or bomb;
n. Carjacking;
o. Home-invasion robbery;
p. Aggravated stalking;
q. Trafficking in cannabis, trafficking in cocaine, capital importation of cocaine, trafficking in illegal drugs, capital
importation of illegal drugs, trafficking in phencyclidine, capital importation of phencyclidine, trafficking in
methaqualone, capital importation of methaqualone, trafficking in amphetamine, capital importation of amphetamine,
trafficking in flunitrazepam, trafficking in gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), trafficking in 1,4-Butanediol, trafficking in
Phenethylamines, or other violation of s. 893.135(1); or
r. Possession of a firearm by a felon and during the commission of the offense, such person actually possessed a
“firearm” or “destructive device” as those terms are defined in s. 790.001, shall be sentenced to a minimum term of
imprisonment of 10 years, except that a person who is convicted for aggravated assault, possession of a firearm by a
felon, or burglary of a conveyance shall be sentenced to a minimum term of imprisonment of 3 years if such person
possessed a “firearm” or “destructive device” during the commission of the offense.

2. Any person who is convicted of a felony or an attempt to commit a felony listed in sub-subparagraphs (a)1.a.-q.,
regardless of whether the use of a weapon is an element of the felony, and during the course of the commission of
the felony such person discharged a “firearm” or “destructive device” as defined in s. 790.001 shall be sentenced to a
minimum term of imprisonment of 20 years.

3. Any person who is convicted of a felony or an attempt to commit a felony listed in sub-subparagraphs (a)1.a.-q.,
regardless of whether the use of a weapon is an element of the felony, and during the course of the commission of
the felony such person discharged a “firearm” or “destructive device” as defined in s. 790.001 and, as the result of the
discharge, death or great bodily harm was inflicted upon any person, the convicted person shall be sentenced to a
minimum term of imprisonment of not less than 25 years and not more than a term of imprisonment of life in prison.

(b) Subparagraph (a)1., subparagraph (a)2., or subparagraph (a)3. does not prevent a court from imposing a longer
sentence of incarceration as authorized by law in addition to the minimum mandatory sentence, or from imposing a
sentence of death pursuant to other applicable law. Subparagraph (a)1., subparagraph (a)2., or subparagraph (a)3.
does not authorize a court to impose a lesser sentence than otherwise required by law.
Notwithstanding s. 948.01, adjudication of guilt or imposition of sentence shall not be suspended, deferred, or
withheld, and the defendant is not eligible for statutory gain-time under s. 944.275 or any form of discretionary early
release, other than pardon or executive clemency, or conditional medical release under s. 947.149, prior to serving
the minimum sentence.

(c) If the minimum mandatory terms of imprisonment imposed pursuant to this section exceed the maximum
sentences authorized by s. 775.082, s. 775.084, or the Criminal Punishment Code under chapter 921, then the
mandatory minimum sentence must be imposed. If the mandatory minimum terms of imprisonment pursuant to this
section are less than the sentences that could be imposed as authorized by s. 775.082, s. 775.084, or the Criminal
Punishment Code under chapter 921, then the sentence imposed by the court must include the mandatory minimum
term of imprisonment as required in this section.

(d) It is the intent of the Legislature that offenders who actually possess, carry, display, use, threaten to use, or
attempt to use firearms or destructive devices be punished to the fullest extent of the law, and the minimum terms of
imprisonment imposed pursuant to this subsection shall be imposed for each qualifying felony count for which the
person is convicted. The court shall impose any term of imprisonment provided for in this subsection consecutively to
any other term of imprisonment imposed for any other felony offense.

(3)(a)1. Any person who is convicted of a felony or an attempt to commit a felony, regardless of whether the use of a
firearm is an element of the felony, and the conviction was for:
a. Murder;
b. Sexual battery;
c. Robbery;
d. Burglary;
e. Arson;
f. Aggravated assault;
g. Aggravated battery;
h. Kidnapping;
i. Escape;
j. Sale, manufacture, delivery, or intent to sell, manufacture, or deliver any controlled substance;
k. Aircraft piracy;
l. Aggravated child abuse;
m. Aggravated abuse of an elderly person or disabled adult;
n. Unlawful throwing, placing, or discharging of a destructive device or bomb;
o. Carjacking;
p. Home-invasion robbery;
q. Aggravated stalking; or
r. Trafficking in cannabis, trafficking in cocaine, capital importation of cocaine, trafficking in illegal drugs, capital
importation of illegal drugs, trafficking in phencyclidine, capital importation of phencyclidine, trafficking in
methaqualone, capital importation of methaqualone, trafficking in amphetamine, capital importation of amphetamine,
trafficking in flunitrazepam, trafficking in gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), trafficking in 1,4-Butanediol, trafficking in
Phenethylamines, or other violation of s. 893.135(1); and during the commission of the offense, such person
possessed a semiautomatic firearm and its high-capacity detachable box magazine or a machine gun as defined in
s. 790.001, shall be sentenced to a minimum term of imprisonment of 15 years.

2. Any person who is convicted of a felony or an attempt to commit a felony listed in subparagraph (a)1., regardless
of whether the use of a weapon is an element of the felony, and during the course of the commission of the felony
such person discharged a semiautomatic firearm and its high-capacity box magazine or a “machine gun” as defined
in s. 790.001 shall be sentenced to a minimum term of imprisonment of 20 years.

3. Any person who is convicted of a felony or an attempt to commit a felony listed in subparagraph (a)1., regardless
of whether the use of a weapon is an element of the felony, and during the course of the commission of the felony
such person discharged a semiautomatic firearm and its high-capacity box magazine or a “machine gun” as defined
in s. 790.001 and, as the result of the discharge, death or great bodily harm was inflicted upon any person, the
convicted person shall be sentenced to a minimum term of imprisonment of not less than 25 years and not more
than a term of imprisonment of life in prison.

(b) Subparagraph (a)1., subparagraph (a)2., or subparagraph (a)3. does not prevent a court from imposing a longer
sentence of incarceration as authorized by law in addition to the minimum mandatory sentence, or from imposing a
sentence of death pursuant to other applicable law. Subparagraph (a)1., subparagraph (a)2., or subparagraph (a)3.
does not authorize a court to impose a lesser sentence than otherwise required by law.
Notwithstanding s. 948.01, adjudication of guilt or imposition of sentence shall not be suspended, deferred, or
withheld, and the defendant is not eligible for statutory gain-time under s. 944.275 or any form of discretionary early
release, other than pardon or executive clemency, or conditional medical release under s. 947.149, prior to serving
the minimum sentence.

(c) If the minimum mandatory terms of imprisonment imposed pursuant to this section exceed the maximum
sentences authorized by s. 775.082, s. 775.084, or the Criminal Punishment Code under chapter 921, then the
mandatory minimum sentence must be imposed. If the mandatory minimum terms of imprisonment pursuant to this
section are less than the sentences that could be imposed as authorized by s. 775.082, s. 775.084, or the Criminal
Punishment Code under chapter 921, then the sentence imposed by the court must include the mandatory minimum
term of imprisonment as required in this section.

(d) It is the intent of the Legislature that offenders who possess, carry, display, use, threaten to use, or attempt to
use a semiautomatic firearm and its high-capacity detachable box magazine or a machine gun as defined in s.
790.001 be punished to the fullest extent of the law, and the minimum terms of imprisonment imposed pursuant to
this subsection shall be imposed for each qualifying felony count for which the person is convicted. The court shall
impose any term of imprisonment provided for in this subsection consecutively to any other term of imprisonment
imposed for any other felony offense.

(e) As used in this subsection, the term:
1. “High-capacity detachable box magazine” means any detachable box magazine, for use in a semiautomatic
firearm, which is capable of being loaded with more than 20 centerfire cartridges.
2. “Semiautomatic firearm” means a firearm which is capable of firing a series of rounds by separate successive
depressions of the trigger and which uses the energy of discharge to perform a portion of the operating cycle.

(4) For purposes of imposition of minimum mandatory sentencing provisions of this section, with respect to a
firearm, the term “possession” is defined as carrying it on the person. Possession may also be proven by
demonstrating that the defendant had the firearm within immediate physical reach with ready access with the intent
to use the firearm during the commission of the offense, if proven beyond a reasonable doubt.

(5) In every case in which a law enforcement agency based a criminal charge on facts demonstrating that the
defendant met the criteria in subparagraph (2)(a)1., subparagraph (2)(a)2., or subparagraph (2)(a)3. or
subparagraph (3)(a)1., subparagraph (3)(a)2., or subparagraph (3)(a)3. and in which the defendant did not receive
the mandatory penalty, the state attorney must place in the court file a memorandum explaining why the minimum
mandatory penalty was not imposed.

(6) This section does not apply to law enforcement officers or to United States military personnel who are
performing their lawful duties or who are traveling to or from their places of employment or assignment to perform
their lawful duties.

________________________________________________

The following Florida Statutes provide some additional information on Florida Penalties and Fines as well as
circumstances which can lead to enhanced penalties or the reclassification of some offenses.
 

General Criminal Penalty Information

Florida Statute 775.082 - Penalties; applicability of sentencing structures; mandatory minimum sentences for
certain reoffenders previously released from prison.

Florida Statute 775.083 - Fines.

Florida Statute 775.084 - Violent career criminals; habitual felony offenders and habitual violent felony
offenders; three-time violent felony offenders; definitions; procedure; enhanced penalties or mandatory minimum
prison terms.

Florida Statute 775.0837 - Habitual misdemeanor offenders.

Florida Statute 775.0845 - Wearing mask while committing offense; reclassification

Florida Statute 775.0846 - Possession of bulletproof vest while committing certain offenses

Florida Statute 775.085 - Evidencing prejudice while committing offense; reclassification

Florida Statute 775.0861 - Offenses against persons on the grounds of religious institutions; reclassification.

Florida Statute 775.0875 - Unlawful taking, possession, or use of law enforcement officer’s firearm; crime
reclassification; penalties

Florida Statute 775.16 - Drug offenses; additional penalties.

Florida Statute 775.08435 - Prohibition on withholding adjudication in felony cases.

Florida Statute 921.0022 - Criminal Punishment Code; offense severity ranking chart.

Florida Statute 921.0023 - Criminal Punishment Code; ranking unlisted felony offenses.

Florida Statute 921.0024 - Criminal Punishment Code; worksheet computations; scoresheets.

Florida Statute 958.04 - Judicial disposition of youthful offenders.

For more information,
Call the Wilson Law Firm Today at (407) 648-5255 to speak with an experienced Orlando
criminal defense attorney about your situation or to schedule a Free Initial Consultation.  The Wilson Law Firm
represents individuals in criminal defense and DUI cases in the Central Florida area, including the cities of
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as Lake County, Orange County, Osceola County, and Seminole County, Florida.
Orange County Criminal Defense Lawyer & Orlando DUI Attorney
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Florida Crimes & Laws